三峡升船机塔柱结构变形及其机构适应性研究

三峡升船机作为世界上规模和技术难度最大的垂直升船机,也是我国第一座齿轮齿条爬升、长螺母-短螺杆安全机构、平衡重式垂直升船机,其塔柱结构变形与承船厢相关机构的适应性是三峡升船机能否正常可靠运行的关键问题。在三峡升船机的设计阶段,基于设计荷载及其组合开展了塔柱结构变形的计算分析,研究提出了重点部位最大可能变形预测值,并对这些重点部位的机构适应性进行了评估;在调试运行阶段,基于变形监测资料对塔柱结构的变形进行了反演分析,反演分析结果表明,设计阶段的变形预测值及其规律与实测值基本相符,重点部位的实际变形值小于按照极端情况提出的最大可能变形预测值,也小于相应机构的适应值,升船机运行状态良好。文中采用的塔柱结构荷载组合及变形预测方法,以及通过最大可能变形预测值评估机构适应性的方法是合适的,该方法也可用于200 m级同类型升船机的设计分析。

Study on tower structure deformation of Three Gorges Ship-lift and adaptabilities of its mechanisms

Known as the world's largest vertical ship-lift with the greatest technical difficulty，Three Gorges Ship-lift is the first counterweight vertical ship-lift with the gear-rack climbing mechanical device and the safety mechanism of short screw-stem with long nut in China; for which the adaptabilities of the relevant mechanisms of the ship reception chamber to the deformation of the tower structure are the keys to ensure whether the ship-lift can normally and reliably operate or not． During the design of Three Gorges Ship-lift，the tower structure deformation is calculated and analyzed according to the design loads and their combinations， and then the prediction values of the maximum deformations of the key parts are studied and put forward，while the adaptabilities of the mechanisms at these key parts are assessed as well． During the commissioning-operation，the deformation of the tower structure is inversely analyzed in accordance with the relevant deformation monitoring data，of which the result shows that the deformation prediction values made during the design and their laws are basically consistent with the measured ones，while the actual deformation values of the key parts are not only less than the predicted values of the maximum possible deformations put forward according to the relevant extreme situation，but are also less than the values of the adaptabilities of the corresponding mechanisms， thus the operation status of the ship-lift is better． The load combinations and deformation prediction method taken herein as well as the method for assessing the adaptabilities of the relevant mechanisms through the predicted values of the maximum possible deformation are appropriate，which can be applied to the design analysis made for the similar type of ship-lift of the grade of 200 m．