Research Issues in Nonpoint Pollution Control |
| |
Authors: | James S Shortle David G Abler Richard D Horan |
| |
Institution: | (1) Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16828, USA;(2) Resource Economics Division, Economic Research Service, USDA, Resource and Environmental Policy Branch, USA |
| |
Abstract: | Research on nonpoint pollution control instruments has focused primarily on incentives applied either to production inputs
that affect nonpoint pollution, or to ambient pollution concentrations. Both approaches may in theory yield an efficient solution.
However, input-based incentives will generally have to be second-best to make implementation practical. Design issues include
which inputs to monitor and the rates to apply to them. The limited research indicates that second-best, input-based incentives
can be effective in adjusting input use in environmentally desirable ways. Alternatively, ambient-based incentives have theoretical
appeal because efficient policy design appears to be less complex than for input-based incentives. These incentives have no
track record nor close analogues that demonstrate potential effectiveness, however. Research on how households and firms might
react in response to ambient-based incentives is needed before these instruments can be seriously considered. |
| |
Keywords: | ambient taxes input taxes nonpoint pollution second-best |
本文献已被 SpringerLink 等数据库收录! |
|