城市群崛起与企业竞争力提升——基于交易成本的分析

本文利用1998-2013年面板数据研究城市群崛起对企业竞争力的影响及作用机制，分析了由于交易成本约束的差异导致城市群崛起促进企业竞争力提升的异质性。研究发现：城市群崛起显著提升了企业在工业增加值、销售产值、利润和固定投资几个方面的竞争力。受交易成本约束越弱的行业，城市群崛起发挥的溢出效应对企业竞争力的提升效果越明显。降低交易成本主要促进的是集约型城市群发展模式对企业竞争力的提升作用，工业品（尤其是工业投入品）部门交易成本下降对城市群崛起促进企业竞争力提升的影响作用更为突出，优良的营商环境会扩大城市群崛起与交易成本下降对企业竞争力提升的影响作用。城市群崛起通过马歇尔外部性、创新外部性和融资外部性促进企业竞争力提升，并且对交易成本越低的行业促进作用越大。

Rise of Urban Agglomeration and Promotion of Enterprises' CompetitivenessAnalysis of Transaction Cost

Based on the panel data from 1998 to 2013, this paper studies the impact and mechanism of the rise of urban agglomeration on the competitiveness of enterprises, and analyzes the heterogeneity of the rise of urban agglomeration to promote the competitiveness of enterprises due to the difference of transaction cost constraint. The research finds that the rise of urban agglomeration has significantly improved the competitiveness of enterprises in terms of industrial added value, sales output value, profit and investment. For industries that are less constrained by transaction cost, the spillover effect exerted by the rise of urban agglomeration will have more obvious effect on enterprises competitiveness. The reduction of transaction cost mainly promotes the improvement of the competitiveness of enterprises by the development model of intensive urban agglomeration. The decline in transaction cost in the industrial sector(especially industrial inputs) has greater impact on the rise of urban agglomeration to promote enterprises competitiveness than other sectors. Excellent business environment will also expand the impact of the rise of urban agglomeration and the reduction of transaction cost on the competitiveness of enterprises. The rise of urban agglomeration promotes the enterprises competitiveness through Marshall externality, innovation externality and financing externality, and plays a greater role in promoting industries with lower transaction cost.