浙江省城市土地利用绩效的空间格局及其机理研究

研究目的：测度浙江省县级城市土地利用绩效及其协调度，并探讨其空间格局的形成机制。研究方法：AHP法，空间相关分析法。研究结果：（1）构建了基于经济、效益、效率和公平的“4E”城市土地利用绩效评价框架；（2）经济绩效与效率绩效呈现较强的空间集聚特征；效益绩效与公平绩效的空间分布趋势较为离散；（3）通过土地利用绩效的空间聚类可以划分为4种“俱乐部趋同”类型，高绩效和低绩效趋同俱乐部的空间分布最广，稳定性最大；（4）绩效内部的协调度体现为高值区带动下的区域整体水平趋高，但协调度并不与经济发展水平成单纯的正比关系。研究结论：经济绩效与效率绩效主要受城市的规模效应、工业化进程与区域创新能力的影响，而效益绩效则主要与城市的发展阶段相对应；“俱乐部趋同”格局产生的主要机制是区域产业分工体系主导的产业梯度转移、需求拉动等外溢效应以及周边地区的学习机制；产业结构升级对城市土地的空间重组与优化能明显提高土地绩效的协调性。

Research on the Performance of Urban Land Use in Terms ofSpatial Pattern and Mechanism in Zhejiang Province

The purpose of this paper is to measure the performance of urban land use and its coordination degree in Zhejiang Province, and discuss the mechanism of formation of its spatial pattern. Methods of AHP and spatial correlation analysis were employed. The results indicate that, （1） a“4E” appraisal framework regards urban land use performance, i.e., Economic, Effectiveness, Efficiency and Equity was established;（2） the performances of economy and efficiency show strong spatial agglomeration characteristics, and spatial distribution performances of effectiveness and equity are relatively dispersed;（3） spatial clustering of land use performance can be classified into four kinds of “club convergence”. The clubs converged in terms of the highest or the lowest performances  are distributed broadly and showing the significant stableness; （4） interior coordination degree of performance shows a trend that the level of the overall region is driven by the region of the highest value, however, the coordination degree does not have pure positive relation with the economic level. It is concluded that the performances of economy and efficiency are mainly influenced by scale effect, industrialization process and regional innovation ability of the city. Efficiency performance is mainly corresponding to the phase of the urban development. The main mechanisms that lead to the “club convergence” are due to the spillover effects, such as industrial structure reallocation and readjustment, demand driving, and learning from surroundings. The spatial re-distribution and optimization of urban land that is attributed to the industrial structure adjustment can strikingly improve the coordination of performances.