我国主要能源产品进出口贸易分析

20世纪90年代以来,我国能源产品进出口贸易额和贸易量大幅度增长,在全国货物贸易和矿产品进出口贸易中占有重要的地位。我国能源产品进出口贸易的特点:能源矿产品进出口贸易逆差不断扩大;贸易结构趋于合理;对石油进口的依赖程度不断提高;贸易伙伴向着多元化的方向发展。我国能源产品进出口贸易中存在的主要问题:石油进口的比重偏大,而利用效力高、又清洁的天然气和电力等能源进口比重较低;煤炭和石油进出口量大幅度增长,给我国的交运、港口转运带来了巨大的压力。为此,文章提出:要进一步加强资源外交;加快我国能源消费结构调整的步伐;提高管道石油和天然气的进口量;建立与IEA的合作关系等一些建设性的建议。

Foreign Trade Relating to Major Energy Resource Products in China

Since 1990s,the voluem of import-export trade of enegy resoure products has increased by a wide margin,which occupies an important place in goods trade and import-export trade of mineral products of the country. The paper first introduces the trade characteristics,these includes: the unfavorable balance of the foreign trade of energy mineral products is continually extending;the trade structure is tending towards rationalization;the dependant on oil import is unceasing increasing;the trading parterners are developing towards diversification.And then,some problems are also discussed in the paper: the proportion of oil import is on the high side,while that of the natural gas and electrical powers that are both effient utilization and clean is on the low side;the increase of import-export volume of coal and oil has brought great pressures on communication and transportation,and transshipment of a port.In view of the above-mentioned facts,the paper offers some proposals: strengthening resource diplomacy,quickening the steps of readjusting the pattern of energy depletion,raising the import volume of pipeline oil and natural gas,establishing cooperative relations with IEA(International Energy Aency).