全球多边贸易体制下的博弈策略与效益

经济全球化进程加深了国家之间的相互依存,各国进行着多边、区域、双边、单边各个层次的全方位政治经济博弈,国际和国内各种因素相互影响,参与各方最终均获得博弈收益。从结果来看,WTO成功地推进了全球贸易自由化的进程,虽然总体而言成员国都获取了收益,但利益分配并不均衡。从各成员贸易自由化的经验来看,不同的国家在不同的时期和不同的背景之下,其绩效大相径庭。为此,在对美国、欧盟、日本、印度等国在全球多边贸易体制下的博弈策略和效果进行比较的基础上,综述发展中经济体面临的挑战及"反边缘化"努力,提出了中国如何确保从多边博弈中获益。

Game Strategies and Performance under the Global Multilateral Trading System

The process of economic globalization has deepened the interdependence among countries.In order to achieve "win-win" goal,various countries are engaged in all-round political and economic competition at the multilateral,regional,bilateral and unilateral levels.In addition,international and domestic factors are intertwined with one another.All parties have received the gains and benefits ultimately in various degrees.Judging from the results,the World Trade Organization has successfully pushed forward the process of global trade liberalization,but the distribution of benefits is uneven.Based on the experience of different countries at different historical periods and backgrounds,the results and performance of their strategies vary significantly.This paper compares the game strategies and performances of the United States,the EU,Japan and India in the global multilateral trading system and clarifies the challenges facing the developing economies and their "anti-marginalization" efforts.