黄河流域旅游生态效率时空演化及其与旅游经济互动响应

黄河流域的生态保护和高质量发展是未来我国经济发展的主要任务之一,旅游业发展则对该目标的实现具有重要意义。基于地理学视角,综合运用基于非期望产出的Super-SBM模型、核密度估计、空间分析方法等探索2000—2016年黄河流域旅游生态效率的时空演化轨迹,并运用VAR模型模拟旅游生态效率及旅游经济发展水平。结果表明:①黄河流域旅游生态效率整体得到了一定程度的提升,区域差异有所减小,但极化现象逐渐凸显。②黄河流域旅游生态效率空间分布方向性逐渐减弱,整体呈现出"东北—西南"向的空间分布态势。③多数省域旅游生态效率与旅游经济发展水平的脉冲响应都呈平滑响应态势,前期波动较大而后期趋于平稳;各省域旅游经济发展水平与旅游生态效率的相互贡献程度整体上都随着时间的推移而逐步提升,但仍存在一定的区域差异。建议未来黄河流域旅游业发展应当进一步破除行政壁垒,推进省域间的技术与管理经验交流;促进旅游业发展的政策应当因时制宜,以短期为主,长期为辅,把握互动响应峰值时期;各省应因地制宜地采取措施促进生态环境保护和旅游经济发展。

The Spatio-Temporal Evolution of Tourism Eco-Efficiency in the Yellow River Basin and Its Interactive Response with Tourism Economy Development Level

The ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin is one of the main tasks of China’s economic development in the future.Tourism development is of great significance to the realization of this goal.Based on the perspective of geography,the study comprehensively uses the Super-SBM model based on undesired output,nuclear density estimation,spatial analysis and other methods to explore the spatiotemporal evolution of tourism ecological efficiency in the Yellow River Basin from 2000 to 2016 and uses the VAR model to simulate interactive relationship between tourism ecological efficiency and the level of tourism economic development.The results show that:firstly,the overall tourism eco-efficiency in the Yellow River Basin has been improved and regional differences have decreased from 2000 to 2016,but the polarization phenomenon has gradually become prominent.Secondly,the direction of spatial distribution gradually weakened from 2000 to 2016 and the tourism eco-efficiency in the Yellow River Basin showed a spatial distribution trend of"Northeast to Southwest".Thirdly,the impulse response of tourism eco-efficiency and tourism economic development level of most provinces shows a smooth response trend with large fluctuations in the early stage and stable in the later stage;the mutual contribution of tourism economic development level and tourism ecoefficiency of each province has gradually improved,but there are still certain regional differences.The development of tourism in the Yellow River Basin should further break administrative barriers and promote the exchange of technology and management experience between provinces in the future;the policy to promote the development of tourism should be adapted to the time,mainly in the short-term,supplemented by the long-term,and grasp the peak of interactive response period;each province should take measures according to local conditions to promote ecological environment protection and tourism economic development.