黄河流域生态环境与高质量发展测度及时空耦合特征

黄河流域生态环境与高质量发展的耦合协调为创新流域生态文明建设路径明确了方向,是流域可持续发展的根本目标和必然选择。基于2012、2015、2017年黄河流域9省区数据,构建黄河流域生态环境及高质量发展水平评价指标体系,利用熵权法及弹性系数方法,在整体把握生态环境与高质量发展水平空间格局的基础上对二者的时空耦合特征进行剖析与评价。结果表明:①总体上,2012-2017年黄河流域生态环境与高质量发展水平均呈先升后降时序演化规律,而在空间上生态环境水平呈"中游凹陷,上游良好,下游居中"的格局,高质量发展水平具有"上游落后、中游崛起、下游发达"的空间分布特征;②生态环境与高质量发展水平的等级对应程度较弱,且该对应关系在空间上存在差异性而在时间尺度上具有锁定效应;③黄河流域生态环境与高质量发展水平的耦合关系以同向但不理想的"同减"变化类型为主,整体呈倒退发展趋势,而山西、河南、甘肃及青海的耦合关系呈良性发展迹象。最后,根据生态环境与高质量发展水平的耦合关系,提出统筹管理与因地制宜相结合的耦合协调发展策略。

Level Measures and Temporal and Spatial Coupling Analysis of Ecological Environment and High Quality Development in the Yellow River Basin

The coupling and coordination of ecological environment and high quality development in the Yellow River Basin defines the direction for innovating the path of ecological civilization construction in the Yellow River Basin,and is the fundamental goal and inevitable choice for the sustainable development for the Yellow River Basin.Based on the data of 9 provinces in the Yellow River Basin in 2012,2015 and 2017,the level of ecological environment and the high quality development in the Yellow River Basin are constructed,using the entropy method.The spatial and temporal coupling characteristics of ecological environment system and the high quality development were analyzed and evaluated by the elastic coefficient method.The results indicate that 1)In general,the ecological environment and the high quality development level have the evolution law of the rise first and then fall.While the ecological environment level in the space presents the"midstream depressed,upstream good and downstream normal"pattern,and the high quality development level has the spatial distribution characteristic of the"upstream backwardness,midstream rising and downstream developed".2)The grade correspondence relationship between ecological environment and high quality development level is weak,and the relationship is different in space and has locking effect on time scale.3)The same direction but not ideal"co-minus"change is the main coupling type,and there is a backward development trend,but the coupling relation between Shanxi,Henan,Gansu and Qinghai has a positive sign of development.Finally,according to the coupling relationship between ecological environment and high quality development level,a coupling and coordinated development strategy of overall management and taking measures suited to local conditions are put forward.