中国传统村落空间分布特征与影响因素分析

村落是乡村振兴战略实施的载体,认知传统村落空间分布及其影响因素对传统村落的传承和发展有重要价值。以中国传统村落为对象,采用核密度方法识别核心和次核心;构建"格网分析—空间自相关—地理加权回归"的影响因素研究方法,并进行实践分析。发现:①在地理格局上,传统村落主要分布在"胡焕庸线"以东、第二和第三级阶梯、年均降水量400 mm以上的区域、亚热带季风气候区和温带季风气候区;从行政区划来看,部分省份、地级市的交界地带为传统村落的密度核心。②GWR结果显示,对于地形因素,第二阶梯海拔越低、第三阶梯海拔越高传统村落越集中;对于生态因素,在农产品主产区或生态环境保护区,既出现生态环境越好传统村落越密集特征,也出现生态环境越好传统村落越分散特征;对于人口因素,"胡焕庸线"以西的大部分地区人口越密集传统村落越集中,而该线以东区域则相反;对于经济因素,中西部大部分经济发展水平较低的区域传统村落趋于聚集,东部地区经济水平总体较高传统村落趋于分散;交通和城市因素在不同区域对传统村落空间分布亦存在两面性特征。总体看,各地理要素的回归系数存在正负值、正负值比重差异以及高低值空间差异,反映各要素对传统村落空间分布...

Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Chinese Traditional Villages

Villages have been the main carriers for the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy;it is of great value to recognize the spatial distribution of traditional villages and its influencing factors for the inheritance and development of traditional villages.Taking traditional villages as the object,the study adopted the methodology of kernel density identifying cores and sub-cores,constructed the research methodology of influencing factors of"Grid Analysis-Spatial Autocorrelation-Geographical weighted regression"and carried out practical analysis.The findings are as follows:first,from the perspective of larger geographical pattern,traditional villages are mainly distributed in the east of"Hu Huanyong Line",the second and third steps of the terrain of China,the area where the average annual precipitation covering more than 400mm,subtropical monsoon climate zone and temperate monsoon climate zone;from administrative division aspect,the junction zone of some provinces and prefecture-level cities is the density core of traditional villages;Second,the results of GWR model show that:in terms of topographic factors,the lower elevation of the second step is and the higher elevation of the third step is,the more concentrated the traditional villages are;regarding the ecological factors,there are two features in the main agricultural products areas or eco-environmental protected areas,the better the ecological environment is,the more intensive or the more dispersed traditional villages are;as far as population factors are concerned,in most areas of the west"Hu Huanyong Line",the denser the population is,the more concentrated the traditional villages are,while the eastern area of"Hu Huanyong Line"is the opposite;as for economic factors,traditional villages tend to gather in most areas of the central and western regions with lower levels of economic development,while traditional villages are prone to be scattered in the eastern regions with overall high levels of economic development;and the factors of traffic and cities also have two-sides characteristics in the spatial distribution of traditional villages in different regions.Generally speaking,the regression coefficients of each geographical element have positive and negative values,ratio differences of positive and negative value and spatial differences between high and low values,and reflect the direction,degree and scope of each element on the spatial distribution of traditional villages.Based on the characteristics of spatial distribution of traditional villages and the spatial difference of geographical factors'regression coefficient,some suggestions for the development and utilization of traditional villages are put forward.