三大都市圈城市网络的发展水平与结构特征比较——基于六大类生产性服务业细分行业的实证研究

文章基于六大类生产性服务业内十大细分行业,选取709家企业,利用其5 420个总部及分支机构数据,从生产性服务业内部差异性角度解析京津冀、长三角和珠三角等三大都市圈的城市网络结构,并比较中心城市在城市网络中的地位和作用。研究表明,都市圈生产性服务业的差异化发展是城市网络结构差异的形成原因,一方面,不同的生产性服务业对不同都市圈结构的支撑作用不同,另一方面,中心城市对生产性服务业的"承载力"和"选择性"也强化了都市圈城市网络的结构性差异。依据城市节点特征,以及传统和非传统生产性服务业发展的网络特征,京津冀、长三角和珠三角都市圈分别属于单中心成长型、多中心稳健型和双中心超前型城市网络,进一步地,节点连通水平由高至低依次是长三角、珠三角和京津冀,在几乎所有非传统生产性服务业中长三角城市网络均占相对优势,京津冀和珠三角分别在IT,设计和广告行业中占优势。

Comparison of the Development Level and Structural Characteristics of Urban Networks in the three Metropolitan Areas:An Empirical Study Based on Six Major Segments of the Producer Service Industry

Selecting 709 companies,5420 headquarters and branches based on ten sub-sectors of six major types of producer service industry,this paper analyzes the three major cities of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta from the perspective of internal differences in the producer service industry.Besides this,the urban network structural characteristics,and the status and role of the central city in the urban network are also analyzed.The research shows that the differential development of the producer service industry in the metropolitan area is the cause of the difference in the urban network structure.On the one hand,the different producer service industries have different supporting effects on different metropolitan structure.On the other hand,the"capacity"and"selectivity"of the central city also strengthen the structural differences in urban networks in the metropolitan area.According to the characteristics of urban nodes and the network characteristics based on traditional and non-traditional producer service industry,the BeijingTianjin-Hebei,Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta metropolitan areas belongs to single-center growth,multi-center robust and dual-center advanced urban networks separately.The level of node connectivity from high to low is the Yangtze River Delta,the Pearl River Delta and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei.In almost all non-traditional producer service industries,the Yangtze River Delta city network has a comparative advantage.The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and Pearl River Delta have a comparative advantage in IT,design and advertising industries separately.