基于高铁联系的中国东部城市服务业发展潜力格局——社会网络分析视角

利用东部地区地级及以上城市间的高铁班次数据作为高铁客流联系,以高铁客流联系网络的结构特征表征城市间服务业联系的可达性和干扰机会,以服务业相对规模反映城市服务业对外联系与发展的需求和引力,来综合考察东部城市基于高铁联系的服务业发展潜力等级体系和联系结构。结果表明:①基于高铁联系的东部城市服务业发展潜力存在显著分异,是由南京、上海、杭州、北京等少数全局性节点和广州、深圳等局域控制性节点主导的等级体系,在空间分布上呈多中心圈层结构和集群化联系特征;②尽管高铁联系对服务业发展的促进作用主要体现在服务业相对规模较大的城市中,但并不是服务业相对规模最大的城市获得了最高发展潜力,而是基于高铁网络的对外联系水平极大提高,且邻近服务业相对规模最大城市的次级节点,如南京、杭州;③虽然一定时期内,东部城市基于高铁联系的服务业发展潜力格局仍将被锁定在既有城市群结构和城市等级体系中,但随着高铁网络日益织密,未来东部地区的服务业联系和发展轴带将进一步隆起。

Development Potential Pattern of Service Industry in the Eastern Chinese Cities Based on High-Speed Railway Connection:From the Perspective of Social Network Analysis

High-speed railway(HSR)has increasingly become an important carrier of high-and-medium-level inter-city personal flow in China,creating more opportunities for the connection and development of service industry between cities.In this paper,the service amount of HSR among the eastern Chinese cities at prefecture level and above is used as the personal flow through HSR.The structural index of HSR connection network is used to represent the inter-city accessibility and interference opportunities of service industry connection,and the relative scale of the service industry is used to reflect their external connection needs and attractiveness between cities.Based on the above,K-means clustering and CONCOR clustering are used to comprehensively examine the hierarchical system of service industry development potential in the eastern Chinese cities and the connection structure among them based on HSR connection.The results show that,1)the development potential of service industry in the eastern Chinese cities based on HSR connection is characterized as a hierarchical system dominated by a few global control nodes,such as Nanjing,Shanghai,Hangzhou and Beijing,and local control nodes,such as Guangzhou and Shenzhen.As to the spatial distribution,it appears as multi-center concentric circles,and there are multi-clustering connections among cities.2)Although HSR connection mainly promotes the development of service industry in the cities with relatively large-scale service industry,it is not that the cities with the largest-scale service industry obtain the highest development potential,but that their neighboring cities with secondary largest-scale service industry and greatly improved external connection based on HSR connection do,such as Nanjing and Hangzhou.3)Although within a certain period,the development potential of the service industry based on HSR connection in the eastern cities will be still locked in the existing urban agglomeration pattern and urban hierarchy system,but as HSR network becomes increasingly dense,the service industry connection and development axis in the eastern region will further form in the future.