产业政策实施效果的分析与述评

产业政策与市场机制都是资源配置的手段,对待产业政策不能简单地作出有效还是无效的判断;产业政策作为弥补市场失灵的一种制度安排,必不可少,对于推动经济社会的发展至关重要。但是,具有存在必要性的产业政策并不意味着其实施一定会带来积极的影响。如果产业政策脱离了其实施的范围、条件,则很可能由于不能成功实施而归于无效。同时,产业政策的失效并不意味着全面否定其存在的必要性,借口产业政策失效而取消它的存在、滑向市场万能论也是不可取的。

An Analysis and Comment on the Effect of Implementing Industrial Policy

At present, the theory of market failure, late-comer advantage, scale economy, technology development and national interest is the basis for some academicians to believe that the industrial policy is effective. But the theory of non-effective industrial policy believes that the formation and implementing mechanism of industrial policy could be failure. And the uncertainty of external environment could also lead to non-effective policy. Both of these opinions can be proved in reality. For our China, we have to make reflection on the non-effective industrial policy, improve the effectiveness of industrial policy, and find out the break-even point between government and market, and so on.