物流独角兽企业的培育和形成:现状、典型特征和驱动因素

2015年以来,我国物流独角兽企业密集出现。为研究其形成、典型特征和驱动因素,本文收集了28家物流独角兽企业、25家物流千里马企业的基本情况、融资、估值等信息,并进行实证分析。研究表明:我国物流独角兽企业呈现培育周期缩短、估值水平和增速不断加快、未来可持续形成的预期明确等典型特征。从驱动因素来看,互联网普及率、平台型商业模式等可直接促进物流独角兽企业的形成;创业文化、市场基础、创新基础等综合指标也对独角兽企业的形成、估值增速提升有显著影响。因此,政府应出台发展“新经济”、农村电商和鼓励研发投入等支持政策;物流企业应推动技术变革、打造智慧物流企业,构建或利用平台型模式的优势,尽快成长为物流独角兽企业。

Cultivation and Formation of Logistics Unicorn Enterprises: Present Situation,Typical Characteristics and Driving Factors

Since 2015,China's logistics unicorn enterprises appear intensively.In order to study its formation,typical characteristics and driving factors,this paper collects the basic information,financing,valuation and other information of 28 logistics unicorn enterprises and 25 logistics chollima enterprises,and carries out empirical analysis.The research shows that the logistics unicorn in China has typical characteristics such as shortening cultivation cycle,accelerating valuation level and growth rate,and clear expectation of sustainable formation in the future.From the driving factors,Internet penetration rate and platform business model can directly promote the formation of logistics unicorn enterprises;comprehensive indicators such as entrepreneurial culture,market foundation and innovation foundation also have a significant impact on the formation of unicorn enterprises and the improvement of valuation growth rate.Therefore,the government should introduce support policies such as developing"new economy"and rural e-commerce and encouraging R&D investment,and logistics enterprises should promote technological change,build smart logistics enterprises,and construct or utilize the advantages of platform mode to accelerate the development of logistics unicorn enterprises.