供给管理和需求管理的理论演进与政策分析

古典经济学派推崇“供给创造自身的需求”，并断言经济不可能出现持久的生产过剩；供给学派强调减税和激励对经济增长的作用，他们的某些观点虽然存在争议，但其中的合理性与启发性也不可否认；（中国）新供给学派针对当前的经济形势，提出供给侧结构性改革的建议。凯恩斯主义的需求管理能够增加产出和提高就业水平，但并不总是有效。供给管理和需求管理的有机配合，是稳定经济繁荣、促进经济长期增长的客观要求，在经济实践中也取得了一定成效；但其有效实施存在若干难点，需要准确把握宏观经济形势，制定正确有效的政策措施， 才能保证宏观调控预期目标的实现。

Theoretical Evolution and Policy Analysis of Supply Management and Demand Management

Classical economic school advocates that supply creates self demand and believes that the economy can not have lasting surplus, however, supply school highlights the role of tax reduction and incentive to the economic growth, although their some ideas are controversial, their rationality and enlightenment can not be denied. According to current economic situation, Chinese neo-supply school suggests to make reform at supply side, the demand management of Keynesianism can increase output and employment level but it is not always effective. The organic integration of supply management and demand management is the objective requirement for stabilizing economic prosperity and boosting long-term economic growth, and it has certain achievement in the practice, but its effective implementation has a lot of difficulties, it needs to master the macro-economic situation in order to realize the predicted goal of policy regulation.