自然保护区相关利益者分析及其冲突管理 --以天目山自然保护区为例

通过对天目山自然保护区管理局、西天目乡政府、周边社区不同类型村民代表等主要相关利益者的12个小组访谈,及104个农户和59个社会公众的问卷调查,分析了天目山自然保护建设中,自然保护区管理者、当地政府、以农林收入为主的社区农民和以非农林收入为主的社区农民等主要相关利益者的需求取向;指出自然保护区与周边社区居民之间主要冲突是:⑴野生竹笋抚育经营受限,社区居民经济收入减少;⑵补偿措施不到位,社区居民预期收益未能兑现;⑶保护区总体规划滞后,当地项目投资开发受限。最后,提出了自然保护区与周边社区冲突管理的基本框架和重点内容。

Analyzing the Relevant Stakeholders of Nature Reverse Development and Its Conflicts Managing --Take Tianmo nature reverse as the case

The demand differences of various stakeholders in nature reverse development are the main cause of arising conflicts.Taking Tianmo nature reverse as the research site,through made 12 semi-structure group-focus interviews,among Tianmo nature reverse area bureau,west Tianmo local government,forestry experts,various local residents representatives,and surveyed 104 households by questionnaire,the author identified Tianmo nature reverse administration,local township government,local residents engaging agriculture and non-agriculture as the main stakeholders,moreover analyzing their demand.Put out that the main conflicts between Tianmo nature reserve areas and the around communities are:⑴restricting management of wild bamboo shoots cause income declining of local farmers.⑵Without effective compensation cause local farmers' the expected interest cannot be reached.⑶Without a scientific overall planning of Tianmo nature reverse,local economy development was constrained.At last,the author put forward the framework of managing conflicts and its keystone.