日本公共建设工程招投标监管机制及其主要特点

针对公共建设工程招投标的特殊性,日本建立了严格的监督机制,其主要特点是:(1)树立正确的监管理念,明确目的和要求;强调招投标的透明性、竞争的公正性、诚实信用,确保适正化施工。(2)相关法律、法令数量多,规定明确具体,可操作性强。(3)预防和制裁相结合,强调直接追究有关个人责任。(4)十分重视建筑企业素质建设。(5)职务监管与社会监管相结合。

On the Japanese Moniltoring Mechanism of Bidding for Public Construction Contracts

The features of bidding for public construction have prompted Japan to develop a strict monitoring mechanism. Firstly, the mechanism is based on the right idea of monitoring and specifies its purpose and requirements. The principles of transparency, equity and honesty are stressed to guarantee the "right" construction. Secondly, a full series of laws and regulations have been made, with detailed specifications and practical applicability. Thirdly, the measures of prevention and punishment are tightly combined, directly targeting at the responsible individuals. Fourthly, the qualification of the constructing firms is of great consideration. At last, professional monitoring is effectively complemented with social monitoring.