基于空间洛伦茨曲线和基尼系数的土地利用结构分析——以黑龙江省为例

将经济学中用于表示国民收入分配差距的洛伦茨曲线和基尼系数用到了土地利用结构分析中,利用黑龙江省2008年土地变更调查数据进行定量分析。分析得出:黑龙江省土地利用结构分布比较合理,地类分布符合地形、地貌特征;林地面积比重大;其次是耕地;园地面积最小。空间上,未利用土地、交通运输用地分布较为分散,其次是居民点及工矿用地、林地、耕地、水利设施用地,其他农用地、园地,其他土地离绝对均匀线远些,牧草地在全省分布极其不均匀。通过分析各类用地的集中和离散趋势,可为黑龙江省土地资源合理利用及结构调整提供科学依据。

Analysis of Land Use Structure Based on Spatial Lorenz Curve and Gini Coefficient: Taking Heilongjiang Province as an example

Employing Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient in the analysis of land use structure,this paper conducts a quantitative analysis of the investigation data of land change in Heilongjiang Province from 1996 to 2008.The result indicates that land use structure of this province is relatively reasonable,and that forest land occupies the largest area,followed by farmland and garden.The unused land and the land for transportation disperse,followed in turn by residential and industrial land,forest land,farm land,and land for water conservancy facilities.Other agricultural land,garden land and other land are farther away from the uniform line,and grass land is extremely unevenly distributed.The analysis of various types of land concentration and dispersion tendency provides a scientific basis for the rational utilization of land resources in this province.