国内外土地复垦政策法规比较与借鉴

研究目的：借鉴国外土地复垦政策法规先进经验，为中国修订和完善《土地复垦条例》提出建议。研究方法：文献研究法，理论研究法。研究结果：中国现行的《土地复垦规定》及相关法律法规存在体系不完善、土地复垦责权利归属不明确以及复垦资金来源无保障等问题，无法从法律上、政策上解决实际工作中的难题，导致目前土地复垦工作进展缓慢；而国外土地复垦取得的丰硕成果正是得益于严格的土地复垦法律法规和完善的管理体制。研究结论：结合中国国情，借鉴美国、德国、加拿大、英国等国土地复垦先进经验，从完善法律体系、健全组织机构、建立标准体系、明确复垦资金渠道、建立激励机制和加强宣传教育等方面完善中国土地复垦政策法规。

Polices, Laws and Regulations on Land Reclamation and the Implications: Comparing China with Other Countries

The purpose of this paper is to bring forth the suggestion on revising and enhancing the “Land Reclamation Ordinance” in China through comparing the advanced experience in policies, laws and regulations on land reclamation in other countries with that of China. Methods of documentation and theoretical studies were employed. Results indicate that there are problems regarding current“Land Reclamation Regulations” and other relevant laws and regulations, such as the imperfect system, unclear duties and rights of land reclamation, and uncertain sources of funds for land reclamation. As a result, the knotty problems in relevant practices can’t be solved under current law or policy settings, and the progress of current land reclamation is very slow. However, the great achievements made in land reclamation in some foreign countries just benefited from strict laws and regulations of land reclamation as well as perfect administration system. It is concluded that we should refer to the advanced experience on land reclamation in US, Germany, Canada and UK, and try to combine them with Chinese situation. To prefect the policies, laws and regulations on land reclamation in China can be attempted in the ways of perfecting law system, completing organizations structures, establishing standard system, stabilizing funding source for reclamation, setting up an incentive mechanism as well as enhancing propaganda and education, and so on.