新型数字基础设施能够推动产业结构升级吗——来自中国272个地级市的经验证据

人工智能、大数据、物联网等新一代信息技术的推广应用能够有效促进产业结构升级，为推动中国经济转型升级提供重要支撑。基于新型数字基础设施的技术创新效应、资源配置效应和消费升级效应，剖析新型数字基础设施影响产业结构升级的逻辑机理，并利用2007—2018年中国272个地级市面板数据进行实证检验。结果表明，新型数字基础设施能够显著促进产业结构升级，且经过一系列稳健性检验后仍然成立；新型数字基础设施通过促进技术创新，推动产业结构升级，资源配置的中介效应检验结果不稳健，消费升级表现为遮掩效应；新型数字基础设施对产业结构升级的影响具有城市异质性，在沿海城市和大中规模城市中，新型数字基础设施对产业结构升级的正向促进作用更加显著，市场化程度越高，其促进作用越显著。研究结论对更好地发挥新型数字基础设施对产业结构升级的促进作用具有重要政策启示。

Does the New Digital Infrastructure Contribute to the Upgrading of Industrial Structure:Evidence from 272 Cities in China

The promotion and application of artificial intelligence, big data and the Internet of Things can effectively promote the upgrading of industrial structure and provide important support for the transformation and upgrading of China's economy. Based on the technological innovation effect, resource allocation effect and consumption upgrade effect of new digital infrastructure, this paper analyzes the logical mechanism of the influence of new digital infrastructure on industrial structure upgrade, and uses the panel data of 272 prefecture-level cities in China from 2007 to 2018 to conduct an empirical test. The results show that the new digital infrastructure can significantly promote the upgrading of industrial structure, which is still true after a series of robustness tests. The improvement of the development level of new digital infrastructure can promote the upgrading of industrial structure by promoting technological innovation. The mediating effect of the mechanism of resource allocation is not robust, while the consumption upgrade shows a masking effect. The influence of new digital infrastructure on industrial structure upgrading shows obvious urban heterogeneity. In coastal cities and large and medium-sized cities, the positive promoting effect is more significant. The higher the degree of marketization, the more obvious the promoting effect is. The conclusion of this study has important policy implications for the promotion of new digital infrastructure to industrial structure upgrading.