考虑企业规模的产学研合作知识转移多情景仿真分析

产学研合作创新已成为推动国家自主创新战略实施的重要途径,而准确高效地进行知识转移是产学研合作创新成功的基础。基于复杂系统理论,揭示了以高校科研院所、大中小型企业为核心主体的产学研合作系统复杂特征及知识转移内在机理。采用多Agent建模方法,构建产学研合作创新知识转移ABM仿真模型,设计创新人才政策、创新服务政策、创新创业政策3类政策工具,研究不同政策工具组合对产学研合作创新系统知识转移及系统知识存量的影响。结果表明：①大型企业实施创新人才政策有利于系统知识存量快速增加,中小型企业实施创新人才政策有利于企业规模快速升级;②相对于创新人才政策实施对于系统知识存量增加的驱动作用,创新服务政策实施对系统知识转移催生的知识存量“涌现”现象效果更明显;③创新创业政策实施有利于知识主体合作关系数量增加;④3类政策工具同时实施对系统知识存量增加产生了1+1+1>3的共振效果。考虑政策工具实施成本,创新服务政策及创新创业政策同时实施对系统知识存量增加、系统知识差异化、系统知识转移效率及企业规模升级的促进效果最优。

Multi-scenario Simulation Analysis of Industry-University-Institute Cooperation Knowledge Transfer Considering Enterprise Scale

Industry-university-institute cooperation has become an important way to promote the implementation of the national independent innovation strategy. Accurate and efficient knowledge transfer is the basis for the successful implementation of cooperative innovation. Based on complex system theory, the study set the university, scientific research institutes and enterprises as the core subjects and build an agent based model（ABM） about Industry-university-institute cooperative innovation knowledge transfer system to reveals the complex characteristics and the internal mechanism of knowledge transfer of the Industry-university-institute cooperation system. Furthermore, three types of policy tools: innovative talent policy, innovation service policy, and innovation and entrepreneurship policy are designed to analyze the impact of implement different policy tool combinations on knowledge transfer and knowledge stocks in the system . The results show that: ① the talent policy for large enterprises is conducive to the rapid increase of the system's knowledge stocks, and the talent policy for medium and small enterprises is conducive to the rapid upgrade of enterprise types; ② compared with the driving effect of talent policy, the implementation of service policy has a better effect on the “emergence” of system's knowledge stocks increase; ③ entrepreneurship policy is conducive to the increase of cooperative relations; ④ the simultaneous implementation of three types of policy produced a resonance effect of 1 + 1 + 1> 3 to increase the system's knowledge stocks. Under the premise of costs, the simultaneous implementation of innovation service policy and entrepreneurship policy has the best effect on increasing the system knowledge stocks, system knowledge differentiation, system knowledge transfer efficiency and enterprise upgrading.