高等职业教育对产业结构升级的影响研究——来自中国287个地级及以上城市的经验证据

产业结构不断升级对经济高质量发展有重要意义。本文基于两步系统 GMM 回归方法，利用1999—2016 年中国287个地级及以上城市面板数据对高等职业教育与产业结构升级的关系进行了实证分析。研究结果表明:1）高等职业教育对产业结构升级的影响显著为正，但这种正向影响会因城市规模和地区的不同有明显的差异；2）就城市规模差异而言，相对于大型、特大型城市而言，高等职业教育对产业结构升级的正向影响在小型和中型城市更为显著；3）就地区差异而言，东部地区城市的高等职业教育对产业结构升级的正向影响更为突出。基于上述研究结果，本文提出了相应的对策建议。

The Effect of Higher Vocational Education on the Upgrading of Industrial Structure

The continuous upgrading of industrial structure is of great significance to the high-quality development of economy. Through two step GMM regression method, this paper makes an empirical analysis on the relationship between higher vocational education and upgrading of industrial structure by using panel data of 287 cities at prefecture level and above in China from 1999 to 2016. The results are as follows: 1) The effect of higher vocational education on the upgrading of industrial structure is significantly positive, but it is significantly different because of the different scale and region of cities. 2) In terms of city scale differences, the positive impact of higher vocational education on industrial structure upgrading in small and medium-sized cities is more significant than that in large and extra-large cities. 3) In terms of regional differences, higher vocational education in cities of the eastern region has a more prominent positive impact on the upgrading of industrial structure. Based on the above findings, the paper puts forward some workable measures.