试论推动日本加入关贸总协定的政治因素

日本加入关贸总协定，并非是简单的经济行为，其中，政治方面的因素不容忽视，这主要表现在：一，在国际上，从东亚冷战战略出发，美国对日本经济状况的考虑，使它极力主张日本入关；二，在国内，日本社会党在对外贸易上的不同看法，对保守党政府造成相当大的压力，迫使它通过入关来振兴经济，从而巩固在国内的统治，在这两种因素的推动下，日本顺利地完成了在入关过程中最关键的与美国的关税谈判，获得了美国政府的巨大让步，政治对经济的强大反作用力，最终物化成看得见的经济红利。

A Tentative Analysis of the Political Factors Affecting Japan's Entry into GATT

It was not a purely economic move for Japan to access to GATT. Of all the things that affected Japan's entry into GAIT, political factors are not to be ignored. First, from the international point of view, the United States, out of its East Asian cold war strategies and its consideration of Japan's econonmic needs, vigorously pushed Japan to enter GAIT. Second, domestically speaking, the Japanese Socialist Party's different views on foreign trade held great pressure on the Conservative government and forced it take the entry into GATT as a means to revitalize economy and reinforce its dominant position at home. Propelled by the two factors mentioned above, Japan successfully completed its tariff talks with the US and fetched a great concession from the American government. The great reacting force of politics on economy has finally materialized into tangible economic benefits.