新一代信息技术产业网络结构对技术多元化的影响——技术结构的门限效应

基于2010—2019年新一代信息技术产业专利引用数据，利用度中心性与结构洞指标揭示网络结构演化对技术多元化的影响机理，并探究两者间联合效应对技术多元化两个维度（核心技术和非核心技术）的门限效应。结果表明，非核心技术情况下，相对于能力获利策略，创新主体更倾向于控制知识外溢风险；核心技术情况下，创新主体不仅占据结构洞中介位置获取信息资源，还通过提高异质性知识的吸收转化能力形成路径依赖，降低核心技术能力僵化性从而获得潜在收益。此外，度中心性对核心技术存在三重门限效应，对非核心技术存在显著双重门限效应。结构洞对非核心技术具有倒U型影响关系，对核心技术存在显著双重门限负向作用。最后提出加强核心技术识别与挖掘、非核心技术探索以及注重不同门限区间技术溢出调节作用等策略。

Research on the Impact of NEIT Industry Network Structure on Technology Diversification:based on the Threshold Effect of Technical Structure

Based on the patent citation data of NEIT industry from 2010 to 2019, this paper constructs the utilizing degree centrality and structural holes index to reveal the influence and action mode of network structure evolution on technology diversification. The technology diversification is divided into core technology exploitation and non-core technology exploration. In the case of non-core technology, the innovation subject are more inclined to control the knowledge spillover risk by governance means than ability profit strategy; as for core technology, it not only occupies the intermediary position of the structural hole to obtain information resources, but also obtains potential benefits by improving the absorption and transformation ability of heterogeneous knowledge to form path dependence and reduce the rigidity of core technology capabilities. Furthermore, the degree centrality has a triple threshold effect on the core technology with technical structure as the threshold variable, and has significant double threshold effect on the core technology and negative hindering effect on the core technology development. Meanwhile it has a significant double threshold effect on non-core technology, presenting as an inverted U-shaped relationship. Thus this paper proposes to solve the scientific problems mainly in two aspects: how does the combined utility of network structure affect the enterprise technology diversification? How can enterprises take the advantage of network structure to choose the diversified technology development strategy to conquer the key core technology and achieve the integrated innovation between different enterprises? As technology diversification has dynamic characteristics of changes in technology innovation, it is vital to probe into the above problems to open up the diversified industrial chain and promote the development of the industry-university-research deep integration technology innovation system with diversified network structure and complementary advantages.#br#Therefore this paper reveals the influence mechanism of patent reference network structure and technology diversification by exploring the interaction relationship between centrality and structural hole in the network structure. Based on the panel data of the new generation information technology industry from 2010 to 2019, this paper expands the research perspective of the impact of network structure on technological diversification, establishes a nonlinear dynamic threshold regression model, and verifies the constraint effect of technological structure according to the nonlinear threshold characteristics of network structure on technological diversification under different conditions. It also reveals the influencing factors and mechanisms of technological diversification from both theoretical and empirical aspects. It aims to provide theoretical support and practical reference for enhancing the competitiveness of China's new-generation of information technology industry and effectively promoting the technology innovation and diversified development of the new-generation of information technology enterprises.#br#The mechanism, influencing factors and action relationship of the network structure on the evolution of technology diversification are explored, and the following main conclusions are drawn.First, in the influence of degree centrality on the core technology, 0.281-0.357 is the relative optimal interval of the technical structure threshold index.The increase of the threshold variable has a positive impact on the non-core technology. When the threshold variable is greater than 0.559, the influence coefficient drops to 0.347 3, indicating that under the influence of the excessive threshold variable, the structural hole will instead inhibit the non-core technology development, leading to the weakened promotion effect of the structural hole on the non-core technology. By virtue of occupying the intermediary position of the structural hole, the innovation subject can obtain the advantages of the quantity and efficiency of homogeneous knowledge, eliminate the knowledge spillover of competitors, and thus macro-control resources in the aspects of resource integration and information control. As the cognitive ability of innovation subject of core technological knowledge weakens, innovations subject are no longer limited to occupy the intermediary position of structural hole to obtain information resources, but to improve the absorption and transformation ability of heterogeneous knowledge into path dependence, and reduce the rigidity of core technological ability to obtain potential benefits.Second, the differences between the core and non-core technology determine the evolution of the network structure. Through patent reference, innovation subjects can focus on low connectivity, strong connectivity and technological breadth between innovation subjects, strengthen the heterogeneous redundant knowledge of innovation subjects, stimulate and improve the knowledge sharing and absorption capacity of innovation subjects, and realize the innovation between large and medium-sized enterprises and innovation host and object. When the degree centrality is the core explanatory variable, the joint effect of the degree centrality and the structural hole has a positive impact on the core technology, and the structural holes have a significant negative effect on the core technology.#br#