论城市土地产权制度的变革与创新

研究目的:回顾中国城市土地产权制度形成与变革历史,分析中国城市土地管理中存在的体制性漏洞和缺陷,提出城市土地产权制度"三权分离"的基本设想.研究方法:历史研究和规范分析.研究结论:建立具有中国特色的城市土地"三权分离"的产权制模式,即将土地的所有权、使用权和管理权相分离.中央人民政府代表国家对土地行使终极所有权.企事业单位经国家批准可以有偿拥有城市土地的使用权.地方人民政府(城市人民政府)依法代表国家行使土地经营管理权.绝对地租归中央财政,级差地租归地方财政.

Reform and Innovation on Urban Land Rights System

The purpose of this paper is to examine institutional shortcomings inherent in current urban land rights arrangement and try to reform the system. Historical review and normative study are employed. After reviewing development history of land rights system in urban areas, the paper come up with the idea that ownership, use right and management power be separated in land. Specifically, the central government has the ownership. Corporations, after permission from central government, can possess use right. Local governments, on behalf of the central government, will execute management power. Revenue from urban land should be dealt with in two ways. Absolute rent will be collected by central government, and differential rent be delivered to local governments for capital improvements.