商业化:国有机场效率改善的必由之路

根据民航业的内在发展要求以及“小政府、大市场”经济理念和政府的财政预算压力的推动,使世界机场业逐渐发展到商业化管理阶段。实证研究表明,国有部门的商业化能显著改善国有企业的效率。属地化前,我国机场经营效率普遍不佳的深层次原因是在非商业化管理体制下的管理者没有效率改善的动机。为了提高效率,推进管制和产权改革,我国国有机场的管理形式必须从事业型的公共管理逐渐向商业定位的市场化管理转变。实行商业化需要改善机场经营环境,建立和完善机场的公司治理结构。

Commercialization to Improve the Efficiency of State-owned Airports

With the development of civil aviation industry,the economic idea of smaller government and bigger market,and the pressure of government finance,the industry of airport has evolved gradually to the phase of commercialized management.Some empirical researches find that commercialization can remarkably improve the efficiency of state sector.Before airports are devoluted to local government in China,most of them were in deficits because of the non-commercialized management.In order to improve efficiency and deepen the reform,state-owned airports in China should turn the mode of management to commercialization-orientated market.To put the commercialization into practice,government should change the management environment and reform the corporate governance structure.