农地制度立法背景与内容的沿革

土地制度是农村的基础制度。农村土地制度的核心内容是农地所有制度与农地经营制度。相关立法和制度建设的指导思想经历了两个阶段,第一阶段因过分强调意识形态的土地所有制变革而有失偏颇;第二阶段面对实际,转向土地经营制度变革,并由债权性承包权转变为物权性承包权,也相应延长了承包期限,强化了各项权能。所有制度沿革的线路可以简单地描述为"私有-合作-纯集体公有-产出全国公有-权属公有产出私有",经营制度沿革的线路可以描述为"家庭经营-集体经营-家庭承包-家庭承包经营-双层经营"。

The Evolution of the Legislative Background and Content of Agricultural Land System

The paper argues that the core of rural land system is agricultural land ownership and management system. The paper goes on to look at the two stages that the guidelines for improvement of relevant legislation and system have gone through. It points out that at the fi rst stage, because of putting undue stress on ideology, the change of land ownership fails to keep on probity; while at the second stage, facing the facts, turning to the change of land management system, shifting from obligatory contracting r...