基于DEA的物流上市企业创新效率分析

目的/意义物流是国民经济的命脉，当前社会对物流的需求越来越大。传统的物流企业是劳动密集型企业，近年来随着民众对物流服务要求的不断提高，物流企业对技术和管理的创新也提出了新的要求。但不同的物流上市企业在物流创新效率方面存在较大的差距，本文希望通过DEA的方法找到物流上市企业创新效率不高的原因及解决方法。方法/过程本文采用DEA的方法，分析了11家物流上市企业在2014—2016年的创新效率，分析了综合技术效率、纯技术效率和规模效率。结果/结论可以看到部分企业在2014—2015年没有处在生产前沿面上，效率有待改进，但在2016年实现了效率的优化，实现了DEA有效。部分企业在2014—2015年效率较高，但2016年出现了一些问题，效率有所下降。对于没有处在生产前沿面的企业，甚至是效率下降的企业，需要从政府、行业协会、企业三方面入手来提高效率。同时，还应增加行业内部技术的投入，提高管理水平，提升行业内部的协同效应，共同提高物流上市企业的效率。

Evaluation of Innovation Efficiency of Logistics Listed Companies Based on DEA

Purpose/significanceLogistics is the lifeblood of national economy as the demand for logistics is increasing. Traditional logistics enterprises are labor-intensive enterprises. In recent years, with people's increasing demand for better logistics services, logistics enterprises put forward new requirements for innovation of technology and management. However, a big gap exists in the efficiency of logistics innovation between different listed logistics enterprises. This paper hopes to find out the reasons of low innovation through DEA method and also solutions for them to raise the efficiency.Method/ProcessThis paper uses the DEA method to analyze the innovation efficiency of 11 logistics listed companies during 2014-2016, and analyzes the comprehensive technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency.Results/ConclusionThe results show that some enterprises with low efficiency have not been in the production front in 2014-2015, but in 2016, the efficiency is optimized and the DEA is effective. However, some enterprises in 2014 -2015 have higher efficiency, but problems arose in 2016 and efficiency declined. For enterprises that are not at the forefront of production, and those with lower efficiency, efficiency should be improved from three aspects: government, industry associations and enterprises. Four efforts should be made: increasing internal technology input, improving management, enhancing the synergy effect within the industry, and jointly improving the efficiency of logistics listed companies.