中国出境旅游高速增长的负面影响探析

旅游业是相当于我国GDP近6%的重要产业.国际旅游是旅游者的跨国界流动,是旅游者的消费能力从客源国转移到东道国的释放,被称为无形贸易和"风景资源的就地出口".20世纪90年代以前我国的国际旅游以入境旅游为主要形式,它曾是我国创汇的重要渠道."九五"以来,我国出境旅游持续快速发展.事实上,出境旅游的超高速增长正使我国旅游业面临由创汇产业向耗汇产业的过渡.本文拟从经济社会的宏观角度,将当前我国旅游业的发展看成是我国特定经济社会条件下的产物,从这个角度分析出境旅游的超常发展是否在"适度"的范围,探讨出境旅游发展对宏观经济、国际收支平衡和和谐社会的影响;并基于这种形势判断和负面影响分析,提出相应的政策调控构想.

An Analysis of Negative Impact of the Rapid Growth of China's Outbound Travel

Tourism industry is an important industry that coutributes nearly 6 percent of China's GDP.International tourism,referred to as cross-boundary flow of tourists,is a release of the consumptive capacity of tourist shifting from tourism generating countries to tourism destination countries.It is known as intangible trade and "on-the-spot export of landscape resources".Before the 1990s,China's international tourism was manifested in the form of inbound tourism and became the important channel of our foreign exchange earning.China's outbound tourism has withessed sustianed and rapid development since 1995.In fact,extra-high gronth of outbound tourism is turning China's tourism industry from a foreign excheange-earning industry into a foreign exchange-consumption one.This paper,from the macroscopic perspective of economy and society,holds the view that the current grooth of China's tourism industry is the product under our specific economic and social condition,outlines some negative impact of over-develped outbound tourism on China's macro-economy,balance of international payments and construction of harmonious society.Based on the judgment of the situation and analysis of negative impact,the authors put forward suggestions for corresponding policy adjustment and cortrol.