上市公司会计信息披露民事责任认定刍议

本文认为,由于上市公司承担民事责任的前提条件是其披露的会计信息存在虚假陈述,因此如何认定虚假陈述是确定上市公司是否应承担民事责任的关键。《关于审理证券市场因虚假陈述引发的民事赔偿案件的若干规定》对虚假陈述的界定以客观事实作为衡量标准,但会计学衡量会计信息是否存在虚假陈述的标准则遵循程序理性原则。以程序理性为理论基础来制定会计准则、制度,再以这样的会计标准作为衡量会计信息是否真实、是否存在虚假陈述的依据,与直接以客观事实作为衡量会计信息是否真实、是否存在虚假陈述的依据,其结果可能会存在一定的差距。文章提出,在认定上市公司披露的会计信息是否存在虚假陈述时,要遵循程序理性原则,即只能依据会计准则、会计制度这个间接标准来判断,而不能直接引用客观标准。

Some Considerations on Civil Liability Determination of Listing Company's Accounting Information Disclosure

The author maintains that,the premise for the listing companies to bear civil liability is that there existing false representation in the accounting information they disclose.So,how to determine if there is false information is the key in determining whether the listing companies should bear civil liability.The Trial of Civil Compensation Cases Arising from False Representation in the Securities Market Several Provisions defines that the false representation should be based on objective fact,but the standard in accounting is if it follows the principle of procedural reason.