金融智能合约技术性与合法性的功能主义检视

2020年初,杭州互联网法院将司法区块链平台的智能合约运用到案件审理过程中,这一技术有潜力彻底改变个人和公司安全签约的方式。然而,智能合约并没有被广泛使用,主要是因为潜在用户不确定、智能合同的可执行性与现行合同法下的合同不一致。目前司法实践中,法官也未认可智能合约的合法性。本文从功能主义视角分析智能合约的四个法律基础要素,试图在现行法律框架内寻找一个智能合约的可能空间,并对立法发展和现有法律的调整提出建议。

A Functionalist Review of the Technicality and Legality of Financial Smart Contracts

At the beginning of 2020,Hangzhou Internet Court applied smart contract to judicial block chain platform.This technology has the potential to revolutionize the way individuals and companies securely contract.However,smart contract has not been widely used,mainly because of the uncertainty of the potential users and the inconformity between the enforceability of smart contract and the current contract law.In the present judicial practice,the judges don't recognize the legality of intelligent contract.From the perspective of functionalism,this paper analyzes four legal basis elements of intelligent contract and tries to find a possible space of smart contract within the current legal framework in the two-dimensional space of"market freedom and regulation"of internet finance,and puts forward suggestions on legislative development and adjustment of existing laws.