基于地域和村域区位的宅基地价值测算及其空间分异特征研究 ——以浙江省典型县市为例

研究目的：构建宅基地多功能测算模型，基于地域和村域区位两个维度探讨宅基地综合价值及其空间分异，为宅基地的定价补偿提供理论参考。研究方法：参与式农村评估法（PRA），文献研究法，定量分析法，比较分析法等。研究结果：（1）宏观地域尺度上，单位宅基地价值呈现浙北平原（嘉兴市）＞浙中盆地（义乌市）＞浙南山区（泰顺县）的分异特征，城中村单位宅基地价值地域差异相对较小，近郊至边远地区逐渐增大；（2）微观村域区位上，浙北平原（嘉兴市）和浙中盆地（义乌市）宅基地价值均呈现出城中村＞近郊型＞远郊型＞边远型的分异特征，浙南山区（泰顺县）宅基地呈现出城中村＞边远型＞近郊型＞远郊型的分异规律；（3）宅基地价值构成因地域和村域区位不同呈现明显差异。研究结论：宅基地功能价值具有显著的地域和村域区位分异特征，应考虑宏观地域和微观区位因素差异化定价，以平衡不同尺度区位农户宅基地的退出补偿收益。

Measurement and Spatial Differentiation of Rural Residential Land Value Based on Region and Village Location: A Case of Typical Counties and Cities in Zhejiang Province

The purposes of this paper are to construct the calculation model of multi-function rural residential land, and to explore the comprehensive value and spatial diversity of rural residential land based on the two dimensions of region and village location, so as to provide the theoretical reference for the pricing compensation. The research methods involve participatory rural appraisal (PRA), literature review, quantitative analysis and comparative analysis, etc. The results show that: 1)at the macro regional scale, the values of unit rural residential land gradually lower in the north Zhejiang plain (Jiaxing City), the middle Zhejiang basin (Yiwu City) and the southern Zhejiang mountain (Taishun County). The regional difference in the value of unit rural residential land in urban villages is relatively small, and gradually increases from the suburbs to the remote areas; 2)at the micro village location, the values of unit rural residential land in the north Zhejiang plain (Jiaxing City), and the middle Zhejiang basin (Yiwu City) gradually reduce in urban villages, suburbs ,outer suburbs and remote villages, the value of unit rural residential land in the southern Zhejiang mountain (Taishun County) decreases successively in urban villages, remote villages, suburbs and outer suburbs; 3)the composition of rural residential land value is obviously divergent depending on the region and location. In conclusion, the function value of rural residential land is characterized by significant regional and locational discrepancy. Differentiated pricing should be considered based on macro regional factors and micro village location factors, so as to balance the withdrawal compensation benefits of rural residential land for farmers in different scales.