1980-2015年黄河流域土地利用变化特征与驱动力

采用1980-2015年共6期黄河流域土地利用数据,对全流域土地利用类型的面积与时空变化进行分析,利用动态度指标进一步研究流域土地利用的变化率;基于行政分区,采用转移矩阵对全流域及流域内各省(自治区)1980-2000、2001-2015年2个时期土地利用的转移类型和数量进行分析,探究了影响土地利用的主要驱动因子。结果表明:黄河流域的土地利用在数量和结构上都存在显著特征,草地、旱地、林地一直是该流域的主要土地利用类型,1980-2015年,旱地、草地、水域、未利用土地的面积减少率分别为1.60%、1.23%、6.66%、1.84%,水田、林地、城乡土地的面积增加率为8.22%、2.53%、44.32%;在单一土地利用类型方面,城乡用地的变化率较大,其余相对较小;黄河流域内发生土地利用转变的区域主要集中在中部和东部,中下游省(自治区)转变明显;气候变化、人口增加和人类经济发展等都是黄河流域土地利用变化的主要驱动因子。

Characteristics and driving forces of land use change in the Yellow River basin from 1980 to 2015

The changes in land use types, and the change rate of land use based on the land use data of six periods from 1980 to 2015in the Yellow River basin using a dynamic at titude index were analyzed.The transfer matrix was used to analyze the types and quant ities of land use transfer based on administrative partitions and the provinces within the basin during 1980-2000 and 2001-2015, and the main driving factors inf luencing land use were explored. The results showed tht: land use in the Yellow Rier basin has significant characteristics in terms of quantity and structure, grassland, dryland, and w oodland were the main land use types in the Yellow River basin, from 1980 to 2015, the area of dryland, grassland, water area, and unused land decreased by 1.60%,1.23%,6.66%, and 1.84%, respectively, the areas of paddy fields, woodland, and urban and rural land increased by 8.22%,2.53%, and 44.32% respectively; in terms of single land use type, the change rate of urban and rural land was the fastest, and the rest was relatively small; the land use transformation in the Yellow River basin was m ainly concent rated inthe middle and east, and the transformation was obvious in the middle and lower reaches of the provinces; climate change, population growth, and human economic development were the main driving factors of land use change in the Yellow River basin.