规划理论和实践中的空间观念辨析

规划理论和实践中的空间观念塑造着我们周围的人造环境。空间观念的发展呈现出从绝对到相对、从时空分离转向时空关联、从一元到多元的变化趋势。20世纪以来规划理论逐渐吸纳相对空间观念,但迄今为止规划实践仍以绝对空间观念为主导。绝对空间观念成为规划实践低效性的深层原因,但是完全放弃绝对空间观念而将相对空间观念引入规划理论和实践不仅存在很多困难,而且会造成认识和实践上的混乱,科学的空间观念应该将绝对和相对结合起来形成多元空间观。我国规划理论研究和实践仍以绝对空间观念为主导,了解绝对空间观念的不足和吸纳相对空间观念的合理性具有重要的理论和实践意义。

VIEWS OF SPACE IN PLANNING THEORIES AND PRACTICE

The views of space have great influence on human actions and the artificial environment such as cities and social networks.Some researches reveal that views of space in planning theories and practice are evolving from absolute to relative,from unitary to multiplex or multifaceted,from separated to relational view of time and space.The world is inherently holistic.If we take absolute view of space in the planning processes,looking space as an objective container that has nothing to do with material,events,social actions and time,we are doomed to fail.If we take relative view of space in regional,social and economic researches,believing that space is constructed by different agents,related to social actions and varies according to different frame of reference,we will trap in the marsh of relativists and result in chaos in practice.This article points out that a multiplex view of space that harmonizes absolute and relative,will be the way to a better understanding of the real world and planning process.Because of the great gap between theory and practice,the current mainstream understanding on space is absolute,physical and objective.As planning researches are always interdisciplinary and nurtured by social and human sciences,it is probably impossible for the planning theory to implant the views of space in natural science.Giving an interpretation of a problem is much easier than solving it in practice at times.It concludes that the key for problem solving in planning practice is to find an efficient and effective approach to introduce the multiplex views of space into practice.