改革开放40年我国财政支农政策的成效、问题与展望

改革开放40年来,我国财政支农政策在"多取少予"、"多予少取"、"只予不取"理念下不断调整和改革,逐步形成了比较完整的政策体系。这些政策极大地提高了农业综合生产能力,促进农村基础设施建设和社会事业发展,增加了农民收入,减少了农村贫困人口。然而,现行财政支农政策存在缺乏长远规划、目标不清晰、投入力度不够、支出结构不合理、资金使用绩效差等问题。为实现乡村振兴和农业现代化目标,财政支农政策应当有长远规划和明确的目标,确保财政资金投入的数量,调整财政资金使用方向,加大绩效评估,提高资金的使用效率,完善和创新财政支农资金的管理机制。

The Achievements,Problems and Prospects of China's Fiscal Supporting Agriculture Policies in 40 Years of Reform and Opening-up

The issue of agriculture, rural areas and farmers is the most important part of China's economic and social development.The development of agriculture depends on the support and input of the public finance.In the past forty years of reform and opening-up, the fiscal support agriculture policy of China has kept adjusting and changing constantly based on the idea of "more taking than giving ","more giving than taking"and "giving without taking".China has built up a fairly apprehensive policy system which has improved the overall agricultural production capacity, promoted the development of rural infrastructure and rural social security, raised the level of farmers' income dramatically,and alleviated poverty in rural areas.However, the current fiscal support agriculture policy cannotadapt to the requirements of socialism with Chinese characteristics entering a new era.There are still some problems such as lack of long-term planning, unclear goals, insufficient investment, unreasonable expenditure structure and poor performance of the finance.In order torealize the revitalization of the countryside and achieve the goal of agricultural modernization, the fiscal support for agriculture policy must establish long-term planning and set clear goals, ensure the amounts of fiscal funds, adjust the structure of inputs, improve the efficiency of the funds by evaluating the performance, and perfect and innovate the mechanism of management of fiscal supporting agriculture finance.