技术创新生态系统的要素模型与演化

实施和影响技术创新活动的机构、制度及周边环境要素的总和构成技术创新系统,技术创新系统与自然生态系统具有的相似性。技术创新系统是一种耗散结构系统,具有开放性和目的性。企业的技术创新系统可分为三个亚系统,即输入亚系统、生产亚系统和输出亚系统,系统要素之间存在着有序的流动,顺畅的物质流、能量（价值）流、信息流是技术创新系统稳定的基础,创新系统具有稳定性和平衡性的特征。技术创新系统也将遵循产生、成长、成熟、衰退四个阶段,系统演化的结果一是系统衰亡或被新的系统所代替;二是在旧有的生态系统中孕育新的生命使原有的生态系统升级。以生态学的观点探寻技术创新系统及其演化规律,将能为研究技术创新问题提供一种新的视角。

Elements Models and Evolution of Technological Innovation Ecosystems

Technological innovation system is the total about implementation and impact innovation activities,organizations,institutions and the surrounding environmental factors.Technological innovation system and the natural ecological system have similarities.It is a dissipative structure.With open and purpose.Technological innovation system can be divided into three sub-systems;they are the input sub-systems,production sub-system and output sub-system.There is a flow orderly among system elements;the smooth material flow,energy（value）flow,and information flow are the stable basis of technology innovation system.The system has the characteristics of stability and balance.Technological innovation system will follow the production,growth,maturity and decline in four phases.One result of evolution is system decline or system is replaced by the new system.The other is gave birth to new life from the old ecosystem.So that the original eco-system upgrades.With the perspective of ecology to explore the technology innovation system and the evolution law about it,it will provide a new perspective for technological innovation.