FDI竞争、环境规制与污染避难所——对中国式分权的反思

基于1994~2006年省级面板数据,本文考察了FDI竞争与环境规制间的关系。主要结论是:中国的环境规制实际上对FDI的流入产生了显著的抑制效应,在此背景下,地方政府有动机以放松环境管制为手段来吸引更多的FDI流入,这导致中国成为跨国污染企业的"污染避难所";地方政府间的这种"竞争到底"行为根源于中国特有的分权模式,这提醒我们需要重新审视中国式分权对地方政府治理结构的影响。

The Competition for FDI, Environmental Regulation, and Pollution Haven

This paper investigates the environmental regulation′s impacts on FDI after bringing local government into analysis model, and empirically tests our theoretical hypothesis by provincial panel data from 1994 to 2006. Our main findings are: as the local officials′ performance evaluation system mainly lying on economic performance under political centralization, the local government′s target-function has the characteristic of "attaching importance to economic performances and ignoring public services", so economic decentralization leads local government through loosening environmental regulation to attract more FDI for maximizing their utilities. So it reminds us need to reevaluate the Chinese decentralization′s impact on local governance.