中国科技金融效率时空分异特征及区域均衡性

科技金融是促进科技开发、成果转化和高新技术产业发展的重要引擎。结合DEA BCC模型与基尼系数分析方法,对中国内地29个省市2006-2016年的面板数据进行实证分析,探讨中国科技金融效率时间演变规律、空间差异及区域均衡性。结果表明：①总体而言,中国科技金融结合的综合效率均值、纯技术效率均值及规模效率均值分别为0.827、0.950、0.866,科技金融效率为非DEA有效,科技金融体系建设有待加强;②从时间变化趋势上看,2006-2016年,科技金融结合的综合效率、纯技术效率及规模效率均表现出不同程度的“V”型变动趋势,科技金融效率尚未形成持续稳定增长态势;③纯技术效率和规模效率对科技金融效率的影响有所不同,比较而言规模效率的影响更为显著;④从空间差异与区域均衡性上看,不同省市科技金融效率存在较大差距,中国科技金融效率基尼系数不断上升,区域差异不断扩大,各省市科技金融发展失衡程度差异显著。

The Spatial and Temporal Differentiation Characteristics and Regional Equilibrium of T&F Efficiency in China

Science and technology finance is a key driver of science and technology development, transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and the development of high tech industry.This paper does an empirical study with the panel data from the year of 2006 to 2016 of 29 regions by method of DEA BCC Model and Gini coefficient analysis.The paper also analyzes the time evolution rules, spatial differences and regional equilibrium of science and technology finance combination efficiency in China.The research results show that:Firstly, In general, the mean values of Chinese science and technology finance combination efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency are 0.827、0.950、0.866 respectively, the science and technology finance combination efficiency is non DEA effective,and the construction of science and technology finance system in China needs to be strengthened;Secondly,from the time series trend, the Chinese science and technology finance combination efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency all show trends of “V” type to differ extents from the year of 2006 to 2016 , and the combination efficiency of science and technology finance has not yet formed a sustained and steady growth trend;Thirdly,pure technological efficiency and scale efficiency have different effects on Chinese science and technology finance combination efficiency with a much higher effects of scale efficiency;Fourthly, from the perspective of spatial differences and regional equilibrium, there are big gaps among provinces and cities with regard to science and technology finance combination efficiency.The Gini coefficient of China's science and technology finance has a steady increasing trend, and the regional differences have been expanding with a prominent difference of imbalance degree of science and technology financial development in different provinces and cities.