信息产品需求特性与垄断性市场结构

信息产业在供给、需求、市场结构等方面具有与传统产业不同的一些特征。某些特征决定了信息产业中垄断性市场结构为一种常态。本文从信息产品的需求角度出发，通过假设临界点的方法，分别针对信息产品的网络效应和局部边际效用递增效应建立模型，分析了这两种效应对于垄断性市场结构形成的影响，揭示了信息产业在一定条件下垄断性市场结构效率优于完全竞争市场结构。本文表明，信息产品的需求效应对于信息产业的垄断市场结构有着重要影响，往往使得垄断结构强化表现出有利于社会整体福利的趋势。因此，在制定针对信息产业的反垄断政策时，需要考虑信息产业与传统产业的不同特质。本文还以流行音乐产业为例，对模型进行了初步的验证。

Demands on Information Goods and Monopoly of Information Industry

Information industry performs some new characters differed from traditional industry on supply, demand and market structure. Some of these new characters conduced majority monopoly in the market structure of information industry. This paper focus on demands of information goods and service in information industry. Network externalities and increasing marginal utility of information goods and service were analyzed by two models in this paper to explain the cause of formation of monopoly in information industry. Some statisical comparisons and analyses on music industry are made to consolidate the model. As the model shows, monopoly markets perform more efficient than perfectly competitive markets in some specific conditions.