黑龙江省水足迹时空分布规律及空间均衡分析

利用水足迹理论,量化2000—2018年黑龙江省13个地级市的不同类型水足迹,分析其时空演变规律,并结合空间均衡分析研究了各地区水足迹的差异性。结果表明:2000—2018年黑龙江省总水足迹呈波动上升趋势,但灰水足迹一直下降,2018年人均灰水足迹为300.7m³；水足迹空间分布不均匀,水足迹富足和水足迹匮乏同时存在,整体上呈现出北低南高、东低西高的趋势；研究时段内,黑龙江省人均灰水足迹和人均水足迹的空间分布较为均匀,其总体空间均衡度超过0.6；水足迹强度、工业蓝水足迹和生态环境蓝水足迹的空间分布存在较大差异；水足迹的总体空间均衡度在逐渐上升,但最大值不超过0.6,区域分布仍有较大差异。

Spatio-temporal distribution and spatial equilibrium analysis of water footprint in Heilongjiang Province

Using the water footprint theory, the different types of water footprints of 13 cities in Heilongjiang Province from 2000 to 2018 were quantified, and their spatio-temporal distribution was analyzed. The differences of water footprints in various regions were studied by combining the spatial balance analysis. The results showed that the total water footprint of Heilongjiang Province showed a rising trend from 2000 to 2018, of which the grey water footprint had been decreasing. In 2018, the per capita grey water footprint was 300.7.m³. The spatial distribution of water footprint is uneven, and the abundant water footprint and the lack of water footprint coexist. On the whole, it shows a trend of low in the north, high in the south, low in the east and high in the west. During the study period, the spatial distribution of the per capita grey water footprint and the per capita water footprint in Heilongjiang Province is relatively uniform, and the overall spatial equilibrium degree is higher than 0.6. The spatial distribution of water footprint intensity, industrial blue water footprint and ecological blue water footprint are quite different. The overall spatial equilibrium degree of water footprint is gradually rising, but the maximum value is not more than 0.6, and there are still large differences in regional distribution.