疫情下有效安全社交距离的模拟与分析

本文以CFD方法对敞开空间中覆盖与敞开口部的病毒传播的水平距离进行研究。对比不同颗粒粒径携带病毒液滴的传播情形以及不同防护形式对抑制病毒作用的效果,研究不同环境风速下污染物在人体前后1m范围的扩散浓度。结果表明,飞沫颗粒在粒径大于6×10^-5m时发生沉降。KN95口罩能使呼出飞沫扩散距离较无口罩工况降低50%。在迎风风速大于等于3m/s时,人体前方的1m距离设置合理;顺风风速无论大小在人体正前方1m内均存在感染风险。人体佩戴KN95口罩时,无风时1m距离是安全的;存在迎风风速时正向1m合理,而后方1m内存在感染风险;存在顺风风速时应增大前方1m的间距。本文可为降低人员感染风险、确定不同环境条件下社交距离提供一定的参考。

Simulation and Analysis of Safe Social Distance under Infectious Disease Epidemic

In this paper,the CFD method is used to study the horizontal distance of the virus infection between the cover and the open opening in the open space.Comparing the spread of virus droplets carrying different particle sizes,the human body's effect on inhibiting virus spread under different forms of protection was studied,and the diffusion concentration of pollutants in the range of 1m before and after the environmental wind speed was studied.The results show that the droplet particles settle when the particle size is larger than 6×10^-5m.The KN95 mask can reduce the diffusion distance of exhaled droplets by 50%compared with the working condition without a mask.When the upwind wind speed is greater than or equal to 3m/s,the distance of 1m in front of the human body is set reasonable;regardless of the downwind wind speed,there is a risk of infection directly in front of the human body.When the human body wears a KN95 mask,the distance of 1m is safe when there is no wind;when the wind speed is upwind,it is reasonable for a positive direction of 1m,and there is a risk of infection within 1m behind;when there is a downwind wind speed,the distance of 1m in front should be increased.This article can provide a reference for reducing the risk of infection and determining social distance under different environmental conditions.