对旅游社会学理论体系研究的认识——兼评国外旅游社会学研究动态(下)

本文是一篇文献综述与理论归纳类文章。文章的第一部分展示了旅游社会学在国外的开展状况 ;综合评述了主要的思想流派、理论观点、学术著作以及代表人物 ,具体包括旅游社会学研究的发展演进观、新迪尔凯姆学说、冲突批评理论、功能学派、韦伯主义、形式主义 现象学和民族方法学派 ,以及符号互动主义等 7种理论流派。文章的第二部分尝试性地建构了旅游社会学研究的理论体系 ;内容包括旅游活动主体类型、旅游系统与发展范式、主客交往、旅游吸引系统特征、旅游影响与社会文化变迁及现代化 ,以及旅游现象的两重性等旅游社会学研究对象的 6大基本属性与范畴。文章对旅游社会学研究的方法、手段和视角也作了简要的讨论

Towards a Theoretical Framework for the Sociological Studies of Tourism

This paper is a theoretical review in the conceptualization of a framework for the sociological studies of tourism. A general review is conducted, in the first section, on the sociological research literature on tourism in foreign countries, in which emphases are laid on the major schools of thought, viewpoints, academic publications and influential research figures. In particular, extensive discussions are presented on the prevalent sociological approaches of tourism from developmental/evolutionary perspectives, Neo Durkheimian perspectives, conflict and critical perspectives, functionalist perspectives, Weberian perspectives, formalism/phenomenology and ethnomethodology, and symbolic interactionism. In the second section, the research makes a tentative attempt in the construction of a theoretical framework for the sociological studies of tourism, in which the typologies of tourists, tourism systems and development patterns, host guest interactions, the tourist attraction system, tourism impacts and sociocultural change in modernity, and the duality of the tourist phenomenon are analyzed. The research methodology, research techniques, and research perspectives, unique in the sociological treatment of tourism, are also briefly dealt with.