资本跨期效应下中国区域 能源—经济—环境效率研究

本文运用含有动态要素的SBM方向性距离函数测度了资本动态效应下中国30个省份1998—2011年的能源—经济—环境（3E）效率及其成分，并利用随机效应面板Tobit模型分析了3E效率的影响因素。主要结论有：将30个省份分为表现最好、稳中有升、稳中有降、进步最快和表现最差五个组，并分别基于其特点制定相应的3E发展战略；考虑资本跨期效应，可以从技术上避免资本存量和其他要素的效率被低估；环境排放效率都是3E效率提升的制约因素，我国各省（市区）减排工作的压力远远大于节能和经济增长工作的压力；经济发展、产业制度、创新效率、能源强度、禀赋结构、能源结构、引进外资程度、环境管制力度对我国3E效率有显著影响，地方财政支出和就业人员教育程度则能显著提升能源投入和环境排放效率。

ENERGY-ECONOMY-ENVIRONMENT EFFICIENCY IN CHINA'S PROVINCIAL REGIONS UNDER INTERTEMPORAL EFFECT OF CAPITAL

This paper applies SBM directional functions with dynamic factors to measure Energy Economy Environment (3E) efficiency and its components in China's 30 provincial regions over the period 1998 to 2011. This paper then empirically analyzes the causes of 3E efficiency using random effect Tobit regress model. The major conclusions are as follows: 30 provinces are divided into five groups according to their 3E efficiencies and development policies can be made for different groups. It can avoid underestimating the efficiency of capital and other factors by considering the intertemporal effect of capital. The excess emission of environmental pollutions are the main source of environmental inefficiency, and the task of reducing emissions are much more demanding than conserving energy and developing the economy. Per capita GDP, industrial structure, innovative efficiency, energy intensity, endowment structure, energy structure, FDI and the power of environmental regulations have effects on the 3E efficiency, and local government expenditures and employments educational status can improve the energy and environment efficiency.