堤顶高程受限的海堤断面优化设计

针对深圳机场三跑道海堤堤顶高程受机场航空限高制约,并同时需要满足设计波浪条件下堤后越浪量标准的问题,根据直立式和斜坡式海堤结构自身的水力学特性,分别采用胸墙挑檐和更换护面块体类型的工程方法对结构进行优化设计,使得波浪作用下的堤后越浪量有所减少。采用波浪整体物理模型试验对优化前后的海堤结构断面设计方案在波浪作用下的越浪量进行验证,分别统计分析了不同位置断面处的实际越浪量。结果表明,优化结构方案在设计波浪作用下的越浪量相比未优化结构显著减小。因此,合理的挑檐设计和护面人工块体选型可以有效控制波浪作用下堤后的越浪量,在堤顶高度受限条件下充分提高堤后安全性。设计案例可为类似的工程设计提供参考。

Optimum design of seawall section with restricted top elevation

In view of the problem that the seawall top elevation of the third runway of Shenzhen Airport is restricted by both the clearance limit and the overtopping volume standard behind the seawall, according to the different hydrodynamic characteristics of vertical structure and slope structure, the overtopping volume behind the seawall is reduced by adopting the engineering means of breast wall eaves and replacing the armor block type on the slope surface, respectively. After validating the optimized design scheme with experimental test by statistical analysis of actual overtopping at different cross sections, the validation results show that the overtopping of the optimized structure under the designed wave is significantly smaller than that of the original structure. The result shows that the reasonable eaves design and artificial block selection on slope surface can effectively reduce the wave overtopping volume, which can enhance the safety under the condition of limited top height of the embankment. The design case of this project can provide reference for similar engineering design.