健康扶贫政策提升农村贫困老人主观幸福感了吗?

随着我国脱贫攻坚结束进入过渡期，健康扶贫政策对巩固脱贫攻坚提高农村贫困人口健康水平具有重要的意义。基于2015年和2018年中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)数据，运用倾向得分匹配和双重差分模型(PSM-DID),分析健康扶贫政策对农村贫困老人幸福感的影响及作用机制。结果表明，健康扶贫政策在5%的显著水平下提升了农村贫困老人的积极情感，并在1%的显著水平下降低了其消极情感；机制检验发现，健康扶贫政策通过提升农村贫困老人实际健康状况、降低医疗费用支出的路径提升了农村贫困老人主观幸福感；通过异质性分析发现，健康扶贫政策在5%的显著性水平下提升了健康状况较差的农村贫困老人积极情绪。最后提出逐步完善医疗保障体系、拓宽健康帮扶边界、提升医疗服务水平、树立大健康理念等建议。

Has the health Poverty Alleviation Policy Improved the Subjective Well-Being of Impoverished Elderly People in Rural Areas?

With the end of poverty alleviation in China and the transition period, health poverty alleviation policy is of great significance to consolidate poverty alleviation and improve the health level of rural poor population. Based on the data of the China Health and Pension Tracking Survey (CHARLS) in 2015 and 2018, propensity score matching and differential difference model (PSM-DID) was used to analyze the impact of health poverty alleviation policies on the well-being of rural poor elderly people and its mechanism. The results are as follows. The health poverty alleviation policy can improve the positive emotion of the rural poor elderly at the significant level of 5%, and reduce the negative emotion at the significant level of 1%. The mechanism test found that the health poverty alleviation policy improved the subjective well-being of the rural poor elderly by improving their actual health status and reducing medical expenses.Through the heterogeneity analysis, it is found that the health poverty alleviation policy can improve the positive emotions of the rural poor elderly with poor health status at the significance level of 5%. Finally, the research inspiration is to gradually improve the medical security system, broaden the boundary of health assistance, improve the level of medical service, establish a big health concept and other suggestions.