社会网络、分工网络与农户行为——以河南麦农新种子采纳时间为例

农户是中国农业经营的主体,农户的技术采纳行为对于推进我国农业技术进步及农业现代化进程具有决定性意义。文章阐明了社会网络通过塑造农民态度进而促进其技术采纳时间的作用机制以及存在异质性作用的情景,并基于河南麦农对新种子采纳时间的实证分析表明:以网络位置和互助水平为表征的社会网络对农户新种子早期采纳有显著促进作用,且农户的采纳态度发挥了部分中介作用。文章进一步引入分工网络,考察了其与社会网络的互动及对农户技术采纳时间的影响。文章的政策意义在于,推进农业发展方式转型必须重视乡村社会网络对于农业新技术快速采纳的积极作用,与此同时,在推广机制上应加大农业技术培训力度,在乡村治理中加强农户家庭生产决策中的女性话语权,理解农机服务外包可能存在的"双刃剑"作用,以此动员和激励农户对新技术的快速采纳。

Social Network,Labor-division Network and Rural Households' Behavior: Take Henan Rural Households' New Seed Adoption Time as an Example

Rural households are the main agents of China's agriculture production, their behavior of technology adoption is decisive significance to promote agricultural technology progress and modernization. This paper clarifies how the mechanism of social network promote their early technology adoption through shaping farmers' attitudes and analyzes its heterogeneity. Based on data of wheat households in Henan Province, empirical results show that, the social network characterized by network position and interactive support level has significant positive effect on promoting the early adoption of new seed, and the adoption attitude plays as a role of partial intermediary. Furthermore, this article discusses the heterogeneous effect embedded in machinery service outsourcing network. The political meaning of this article is as following, the government should value the positive role of rural social network in the rapid adoption of agricultural technology, in order to promote agriculture transformation. At the same time, agricultural technology training and empowerment of female in households' decision-making will benefit to technology adoption furtherly. At last, government should recognize the double-edged sword role of agricultural machinery service outsourcing, so as to promote and encourage rural households' early technology adoption.