地方官员专业背景在应对新冠疫情冲击中的作用:基于企业业绩视角

利用2020年第一季度主板上市公司财务数据,研究发现新冠疫情给企业业绩带来了负面影响,且疫情对服务业企业影响更为显著。地方官员金融、卫生背景的调节作用均可缓解疫情给企业业绩带来的负面影响,且以上作用在服务业企业中更为显著。进一步地,地方官员金融、卫生背景中的管理经验是上述专业背景能够发挥调节作用的主导因素。另从任职经历与教育背景的匹配效应考虑,金融任职经历匹配学历背景所发挥的调节作用要强于匹配学科背景,而卫生任职经历匹配学科背景所发挥的调节作用要强于匹配学历背景。上述结果揭示了地方官员的金融、卫生背景在疫情期间对服务业企业所发挥的作用起到了"雪中送炭"的效果,且金融、卫生任职经历与教育背景之间的匹配效应存在差异,这为以后相关地方官员的交流与选任提供了参考。

The Role of Local Officials' Professional Background in Coping with the Impact of the COVID-19 Epidemic: Based on the Perspective of Enterprise Performance

As a major public health emergency, the COVID-19 epidemic not only tests the bearing capacity of the market, but also tests the effectiveness and level of local government governance. Looking back on the performance of provinces, autonomous regions or municipalities directly under the central government during the epidemic period, there are great differences in the level of governance among local governments. Some local officials who lack professional background have been questioned by the public. In the mechanism of the epidemic affecting the local economy, the governance effect of local government can be reflected in the ability to restore the normal operation of the economy and curb the spread of the epidemic. This paper discusses the impact of the epidemic on micro economy (i.e. enterprises) from the perspective of enterprise performance, and pays attention to the industry heterogeneity of the above mention impact. In addition, in order to observe the role of local officials during the epidemic period, this paper studies the role of the financial background of provincial government deputies and the health background of Provincial Health Commission directors in the impact of the epidemic on micro economy. Through the above analysis, this paper attempts to answer the following questions:(1) whether the financial background or health background of local officials plays the regulatory role in the mechanism of the epidemic affecting micro economy; (2) whether there is the industry heterogeneity in the regulatory role of financial background or health background; (3) which sub-factor in financial background or health background has more prominent influence. Based on the financial data of the Main Board listed companies in the first quarter of 2020, the study finds that COVID-19 epidemic has a negative impact on enterprise performance, and the impact is more significant in service sectors. The regulatory role of local officials' financial background and health background can alleviate the negative impact of the epidemic on enterprise performance, and the above regulatory role has been more significantly reflected in service sectors. Furthermore, the management experience in the financial background and health background of local officials is the dominant factor that above professional backgrounds play the regulatory role in alleviating the negative impact of the epidemic on enterprise performance. In addition, considering the matching effect between work experience and educational background, the moderating effect of financial work experience matching academic background is stronger than that of matching discipline background, while the moderating effect of health work experience matching discipline background is stronger than that of matching academic background. These results reveal that the financial background and health background of local officials really play the "timely help" role in service sectors during the epidemic period, and there is a difference in the matching effect between financial or health work experience and educational background, which provides a reference for the exchange and selection of local officials in the future.