Setting the X Factor in Price-Cap Regulation Plans |
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Authors: | Bernstein Jeffrey I Sappington David E M |
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Institution: | (1) The National Bureau of Economic Research, Carleton University Department of Economics, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6 and;(2) University of Florida Department of Economics, Gainesville, FL, 32611-7140 |
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Abstract: | Despite the popularity of price-cap regulation in practice, the economic literature provides limited guidance on how to determine the X factor, which is the rate at which inflation-adjusted output prices must fall under price-cap plans. We review the relevant basic principles, and then determine how to set the X factor: (1) when only a subset of the firm's products are subject to price-cap regulation, and when product-specific costs and productivity cannot be measured; (2) when changes in regulated prices affect the economy-wide inflation rate; and (3) in the presence of such structural changes as strengthened competitive forces. |
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