美国国家公园与我国生态旅游发展的比较研究

美国国家公园面积辽阔,发展历史悠久,并且具有科学的管理模式和完整的生态系统,注重保护,从生态角度进行立法。而我国的生态旅游由于发展时间不长,在资源保护、开发模式和经营管理观念上尚存在不足。文章将我国生态旅游业从发展理念、管理模式、运作方法及法律制度等方面与美国国家公园相比较,认为我国生态旅游业尚存在一些体制上的问题,因此我国生态旅游业应从改变以经济利益为主要核心的价值理念、改善管理理念、规范管理机制与监督机制、完善立法制度等方面学习借鉴美国国家公园的成功经验,更有利于我国生态旅游业的进一步完善和发展。

A Comparative Study of the Development of American National Parks and Chinese Ecotourism

American national park has a long history of development, large areas and the scientific management mode and complete ecological system. Furthermore, it pays attention to protection, and the legislation is from the per- spective of ecology. Since the development of eco-tourism is not long enough in our country, the resources protection, development mode, and the operation and management concept are insufficient. In this paper, we compare the ecotour- ism in our country to American national park from the aspect of development concept, management mode, operation method and the legal system, so that China＇ s ecotourism still exists some system issues. Therefore, ecotourism in our country should learn from the successful experience of American national parks and benefits the improvement and de- velopment of itself from the aspect of changing the values of economic interests, improving the management philosophy, standardizing management mechanism and supervision mechanism, perfecting the system of legislation, etc.