Assessing sustainable forest management under REDD +: A community-based labour perspective |
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| Institution: | 1. Centre for Development and Environment, University of Bern, Hallerstrasse 10, Bern 3012, Switzerland;2. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, Rome 00153, Italy;3. Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, La Pradera E7-174 y Av. Diego de Almagro-PBX, Quito, Ecuador;4. Institute of Geography and Sustainability, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland;1. Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94248, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands;2. Department of Economics, University of Waterloo 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada;1. Environmental Economics and Natural Resources Group, Wageningen University, Hollandseweg 1, 6706KN Wageningen, The Netherlands;2. CESifo, Munich, Germany.;3. Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University, The Netherlands;1. Department of Forest Resources, Kongju National University, #1 Daehak-ri, Yesan-eup, Yesan-gun, Chungnam 34-370, South Korea;2. Department of Natural Resource Management and Development, Faculty of Development Studies, Royal University of Phnom Penh, Russian Federation Boulevard, Touk Kork, Phnom Penh, Cambodia;3. Faculty of Law and Economic Sciences, French Cooperation Program, Royal University of Law and Economics, Monivong Blvd, District Tonle Basac, Khan Chamkamon, Phnom Penh, Cambodia;4. Prek Leap National College of Agriculture, National Road No.6, Sangkat Prek Leap, Khan Chroy Changva, Phnom Penh, Cambodia |
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| Abstract: | Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation plus (REDD +) encourages economic support for reducing deforestation and conserving or increasing existing forest carbon stocks. The way in which incentives are structured affects trade-offs between local livelihoods, carbon emission reduction, and the cost-effectiveness of a REDD + programme. Looking at first-hand empirical data from 208 farming households in the Bolivian Amazon from a household economy perspective, our study explores two policy options: 1) compensated reduction of emissions from old-growth forest clearing for agriculture, and 2) direct payments for labour input into sustainable forest management combined with a commitment not to clear old-growth forest. Our results indicate that direct payments for sustainable forest management – an approach that focuses on valuing farmers' labour input – can be more cost-effective than compensated reduction and in some cases is the most appropriate choice for achieving improved household incomes, permanence of changes, avoidance of leakages, and community-based institutional enforcement for sustainable forest management. |
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