Ecosystem services and ethics |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Department of Conservation Biology, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany;2. Technische Universität München, Chair of Restoration Ecology, Emil-Ramann-Str. 6, 85354 Freising, Germany;3. Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Gaustadalleen 21, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway;4. Institute for Resources, Environment & Sustainability, AERL, Rm 438, 2202 Main Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4 BC, Canada;5. Wageningen University, Environmental Systems Analysis Group, PO Box 47, 6700 AA, Wageningen, Netherlands;6. German Advisory Council on the Environment (SRU), Luisenstr. 46, 10117 Berlin, Germany;7. Nürtingen-Geislingen University (HfWU), Centre for Economics and Environment, Schelmenwasen 4-8, 72622 Nürtingen, Germany;8. Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Department of Environmental Politics, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany;9. Institute for Environmental Science and Technology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Faculty of Sciences, C Building, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain;10. Social–Ecological Systems Laboratory, Department of Ecology, c. Darwin, 2, Edificio de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain;11. Humboldt University of Berlin, Division of Resource Economics, Philippstr. 13, H.12, 10099 Berlin, Germany;12. Technische Universität München, Chair of Landscape Ecology, Untergartelshauser Weg 10, 85356 Freising, Germany;13. Centre for Environmental Management (CEM), School of Geography, University of Nottingham, University Park, NG7 2RD Nottingham, UK;14. ISOE-Institute for Social-Ecological Research, Hamburger Allee 45, 60486 Frankfurt, Germany;15. LOEWE Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, 60325 Frankfurt, Germany;p. University of Greifswald, Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, Grimmer Str. 88, 17487 Greifswald, Germany;q. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (BfN), Isle of Vilm, 18581 Putbus, Germany;r. Charles Sturt University, Institute for Land, Water and Society, PO Box 789, Albury NSW, 2640 Sydney, Australia;s. Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374 Müncheberg, Germany;t. University of Greifswald, Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology/Institute of Philosophy, Grimmer Str. 88, 17487 Greifswald, Germany;u. Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Institute of Sociology, Carl-Zeiß-Straße 2, 07743 Jena, Germany;v. School of Public Policy, 685 Cherry Street, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA;w. Leibniz University of Hannover, Institute of Environmental Planning, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419 Hannover, Germany;x. Department of Philosophy CAU Kiel, Leibnizstr. 4, 24118 Kiel, Germany;1. Bioresource Engineering Department, McGill University, 21111 Chemin Bord-du-Lac, Ste-Anne de Bellevue, Québec H9X 3V9, Canada;2. Department d''Economia i Història Econòmica Facultat d''Economia i Empresa Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Edifici B, Despatx B3-110 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès Spain;3. Integrated Water Resources Management Program, Bioresource Engineering Department, McGill University, 21111 Chemin Bord-du-Lac, Ste-Anne de Bellevue, Québec H9X 3V9, Canada;4. Natural Resource Sciences Department, McGill University, 21111 Chemin Bord-du-Lac, Ste-Anne de Bellevue, Québec H9X 3V9, Canada;1. Research Center Futures of Ecosystem Services (FuturES), Faculty of Sustainability, Leuphana University of Lüneburg, Scharnhorststraβe 1, 21355 Lüneburg, Germany;2. International Centre for Integrated Assessment & Sustainable Development, Maastricht University, Kapoenstraat 2, 6211KW Maastricht, The Netherlands |
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| Abstract: | A major strength of the ecosystem services (ESS) concept is that it allows a succinct description of how human well-being depends on nature, showing that the neglect of such dependencies has negative consequences on human well-being and the economy. As ESS refer to human needs and interests, values are to be considered when dealing with the concept in practice. As a result we argue that in using the concept there is a need to be clear about what different dimensions of value are involved, and be aware of ethical issues that might be associated with the concept. A systematic analysis of the ethical implications associated to the ESS concept is still lacking. We address this deficiency by scrutinising value dimensions associated with the concept, and use this to explore the associated ethical implications. We then highlight how improved transparency in the use of the ESS concept can contribute to using its strengths without succumbing to possible drawbacks arising from ethical problems. These problems concern the dangers that some uses of the concept have in obscuring certain types of value, and in masking unevenness in the distribution of costs and benefits that can arise in the management of ESS. |
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